the christian life

prayer and fasting


this is a 12 week study: 1 week lecture, next week homework discussion.
our topics are as follows:
- god's desire for his people (weeks 1&2)
- obedience and christlikeness (weeks 3&4)
- prayer and fasting (weeks 5&5)
- gifts and service (weeks 7&8)
- wisdom and knowledge (weeks 9&10)
- praise and proclamation (weeks 11&12)

5. prayer and fasting

what it is, how we do it:
1 sam 1:1-18
1. Now there was a certain man from Ramathaim-zophim from the hill country of Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephraimite.
2. He had two wives: the name of one was Hannah and the name of the other Peninnah; and Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.
3. Now this man would go up from his city yearly to worship and to sacrifice to the LORD of hosts in Shiloh. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were priests to the LORD there.
4. When the day came that Elkanah sacrificed, he would give portions to Peninnah his wife and to all her sons and her daughters;
5. but to Hannah he would give a double portion, for he loved Hannah, but the LORD had closed her womb.
6. Her rival, however, would provoke her bitterly to irritate her, because the LORD had closed her womb.
7. It happened year after year, as often as she went up to the house of the LORD, she would provoke her; so she wept and would not eat.
8. Then Elkanah her husband said to her, "Hannah, why do you weep and why do you not eat and why is your heart sad? Am I not better to you than ten sons?"
9. Then Hannah rose after eating and drinking in Shiloh. Now Eli the priest was sitting on the seat by the doorpost of the temple of the LORD.
10. She, greatly distressed, prayed to the LORD and wept bitterly.
11. She made a vow and said, "O LORD of hosts, if You will indeed look on the affliction of Your maidservant and remember me, and not forget Your maidservant, but will give Your maidservant a son, then I will give him to the LORD all the days of his life, and a razor shall never come on his head."
12. Now it came about, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli was watching her mouth.
13. As for Hannah, she was speaking in her heart, only her lips were moving, but her voice was not heard. So Eli thought she was drunk.
14. Then Eli said to her, "How long will you make yourself drunk? Put away your wine from you."
15. But Hannah replied, "No, my lord, I am a woman oppressed in spirit; I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I have poured out my soul before the LORD.
16. "Do not consider your maidservant as a worthless woman, for I have spoken until now out of my great concern and provocation."
17. Then Eli answered and said, "Go in peace; and may the God of Israel grant your petition that you have asked of Him."
18. She said, "Let your maidservant find favor in your sight." So the woman went her way and ate, and her face was no longer sad.
prayer and fasting here...notice the contents of her prayer.
she wants something, she prays for it.

matt 6:5-8
5. "When you pray, you are not to be like the hypocrites; for they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and on the street corners so that they may be seen by men. Truly I say to you, they have their reward in full.
6. "But you, when you pray, go into your inner room, close your door and pray to your Father who is in secret, and your Father who sees what is done in secret will reward you.
7. "And when you are praying, do not use meaningless repetition as the Gentiles do, for they suppose that they will be heard for their many words.
8. "So do not be like them; for your Father knows what you need before you ask Him.
when you pray...

luke 18:1-8
1. Now He was telling them a parable to show that at all times they ought to pray and not to lose heart,
2. saying, "In a certain city there was a judge who did not fear God and did not respect man.
3. "There was a widow in that city, and she kept coming to him, saying, `Give me legal protection from my opponent.'
4. "For a while he was unwilling; but afterward he said to himself, `Even though I do not fear God nor respect man,
5. yet because this widow bothers me, I will give her legal protection, otherwise by continually coming she will wear me out.' "
6. And the Lord said, "Hear what the unrighteous judge *said;
7. now, will not God bring about justice for His elect who cry to Him day and night, and will He delay long over them?
8. "I tell you that He will bring about justice for them quickly. However, when the Son of Man comes, will He find faith on the earth?"

luke 11:5-13
5. Then He said to them, "Suppose one of you has a friend, and goes to him at midnight and says to him, `Friend, lend me three loaves;
6. for a friend of mine has come to me from a journey, and I have nothing to set before him';
7. and from inside he answers and says, `Do not bother me; the door has already been shut and my children and I are in bed; I cannot get up and give you anything.'
8. "I tell you, even though he will not get up and give him anything because he is his friend, yet because of his persistence he will get up and give him as much as he needs.
9. "So I say to you, ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you.
10. "For everyone who asks, receives; and he who seeks, finds; and to him who knocks, it will be opened.
11. "Now suppose one of you fathers is asked by his son for a fish; he will not give him a snake instead of a fish, will he?
12. "Or if he is asked for an egg, he will not give him a scorpion, will he?
13. "If you then, being evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask Him?"

phil 4:6
Be anxious for nothing, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.
what to do - pray.

1 thess 5:17
17. pray without ceasing;
don't stop doing it.

col 4:12
12. Epaphras, who is one of your number, a bondslave of Jesus Christ, sends you his greetings, always laboring earnestly for you in his prayers, that you may stand perfect and fully assured in all the will of God.
the guy labors earnestly in prayer.
you're commanded to pray.
don't be anxious, pray instead.
god knows what you need before you ask...which means there are good things you wont have if you don't ask.
boundaries on prayer - pray consistently, but not with meaningless repitition.

obstacles...
1 pet 3:7
7 Husbands, in the same way be considerate as you live with your wives, and treat them with respect as the weaker partner and as heirs with you of the gracious gift of life, so that nothing will hinder your prayers.

jam 5:13-18
13Is any one of you in trouble? He should pray. Is anyone happy? Let him sing songs of praise.
14Is any one of you sick? He should call the elders of the church to pray over him and anoint him with oil in the name of the Lord.
15And the prayer offered in faith will make the sick person well; the Lord will raise him up. If he has sinned, he will be forgiven.
16Therefore confess your sins to each other and pray for each other so that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous man is powerful and effective.
17Elijah was a man just like us. He prayed earnestly that it would not rain, and it did not rain on the land for three and a half years.
18Again he prayed, and the heavens gave rain, and the earth produced its crops.

what we pray for:
1 kings 8:22-53
(too long - go look it up)

what's in the prayer?
v23,24 praise to god
v25,26 request to keep promises made (about david's throne)
v27-53 is basically a request to hear prayers offered from the temple (v52 "that Your eyes may be open to the supplication of Your servant and to the supplication of Your people Israel, to listen to them whenever they call to You.")
dan 9:1-23
1. In the first year of Darius the son of Ahasuerus, of Median descent, who was made king over the kingdom of the Chaldeans--
2. in the first year of his reign, I, Daniel, observed in the books the number of the years which was revealed as the word of the LORD to Jeremiah the prophet for the completion of the desolations of Jerusalem, namely, seventy years.
3. So I gave my attention to the Lord God to seek Him by prayer and supplications, with fasting, sackcloth and ashes.
4. I prayed to the LORD my God and confessed and said, "Alas, O Lord, the great and awesome God, who keeps His covenant and lovingkindness for those who love Him and keep His commandments,
5. we have sinned, committed iniquity, acted wickedly and rebelled, even turning aside from Your commandments and ordinances.
6. "Moreover, we have not listened to Your servants the prophets, who spoke in Your name to our kings, our princes, our fathers and all the people of the land.
7. "Righteousness belongs to You, O Lord, but to us open shame, as it is this day--to the men of Judah, the inhabitants of Jerusalem and all Israel, those who are nearby and those who are far away in all the countries to which You have driven them, because of their unfaithful deeds which they have committed against You.
8. "Open shame belongs to us, O Lord, to our kings, our princes and our fathers, because we have sinned against You.
9. "To the Lord our God belong compassion and forgiveness, for we have rebelled against Him;
10. nor have we obeyed the voice of the LORD our God, to walk in His teachings which He set before us through His servants the prophets.
11. "Indeed all Israel has transgressed Your law and turned aside, not obeying Your voice; so the curse has been poured out on us, along with the oath which is written in the law of Moses the servant of God, for we have sinned against Him.
12. "Thus He has confirmed His words which He had spoken against us and against our rulers who ruled us, to bring on us great calamity; for under the whole heaven there has not been done anything like what was done to Jerusalem.
13. "As it is written in the law of Moses, all this calamity has come on us; yet we have not sought the favor of the LORD our God by turning from our iniquity and giving attention to Your truth.
14. "Therefore the LORD has kept the calamity in store and brought it on us; for the LORD our God is righteous with respect to all His deeds which He has done, but we have not obeyed His voice.
15. "And now, O Lord our God, who have brought Your people out of the land of Egypt with a mighty hand and have made a name for Yourself, as it is this day--we have sinned, we have been wicked.
16. "O Lord, in accordance with all Your righteous acts, let now Your anger and Your wrath turn away from Your city Jerusalem, Your holy mountain; for because of our sins and the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and Your people have become a reproach to all those around us.
17. "So now, our God, listen to the prayer of Your servant and to his supplications, and for Your sake, O Lord, let Your face shine on Your desolate sanctuary.
18. "O my God, incline Your ear and hear! Open Your eyes and see our desolations and the city which is called by Your name; for we are not presenting our supplications before You on account of any merits of our own, but on account of Your great compassion.
19. "O Lord, hear! O Lord, forgive! O Lord, listen and take action! For Your own sake, O my God, do not delay, because Your city and Your people are called by Your name."
20. Now while I was speaking and praying, and confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel, and presenting my supplication before the LORD my God in behalf of the holy mountain of my God,
21. while I was still speaking in prayer, then the man Gabriel, whom I had seen in the vision previously, came to me in my extreme weariness about the time of the evening offering.
22. He gave me instruction and talked with me and said, "O Daniel, I have now come forth to give you insight with understanding.
23. "At the beginning of your supplications the command was issued, and I have come to tell you, for you are highly esteemed; so give heed to the message and gain understanding of the vision.
notice the content of his prayer; confession, and a request for something god has already prophesied.
also note v23 - 'at the beginning of your supplications'

matt 6:9-13
Pray, then, in this way: Our Father who is in heaven, Hallowed be Your name.
Your kingdom come Your will be done, On earth as it is in heaven.
Give us this day our daily bread.
And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors.
And do not lead us into temptation, but deliver us from evil. [For Yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever. Amen.]
what's in the prayer?
the holiness of god's name
the will of god
provision of food (physical needs)
our forgiveness
our deliverence from evil

col 1:9-12
9. For this reason also, since the day we heard of it, we have not ceased to pray for you and to ask that you may be filled with the knowledge of His will in all spiritual wisdom and understanding, 10. so that you will walk in a manner worthy of the Lord, to please Him in all respects, bearing fruit in every good work and increasing in the knowledge of God; 11. strengthened with all power, according to His glorious might, for the attaining of all steadfastness and patience; joyously 12. giving thanks to the Father, who has qualified us to share in the inheritance of the saints in Light.
contents? maturity and growth for the church

pray for stuff you know god wants (his promises, our provision, forgiveness, the church, sanctification).
praise, thanks, and confession to god in your prayer.
stuff that makes you anxious (phil 4)
why we do it:
1. it's commanded.
2. things won't happen unless you pray for them.
god only will do some things if they are prayed for - it lets us be involved, god likes to work through people, etc ???

fasting:
lev 16:29-31
29. "This shall be a permanent statute for you: in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall humble your souls and not do any work, whether the native, or the alien who sojourns among you;
30. for it is on this day that atonement shall be made for you to cleanse you; you will be clean from all your sins before the LORD.
31. "It is to be a sabbath of solemn rest for you, that you may humble your souls; it is a permanent statute.
many translate the bit on humble your souls to be 'keep a fast'. this is the only commanded fast...

judges 20:26
26. Then all the sons of Israel and all the people went up and came to Bethel and wept; thus they remained there before the LORD and fasted that day until evening. And they offered burnt offerings and peace offerings before the LORD.

1 sam 7:5,6
5. Then Samuel said, "Gather all Israel to Mizpah and I will pray to the LORD for you."
6. They gathered to Mizpah, and drew water and poured it out before the LORD, and fasted on that day and said there, "We have sinned against the LORD." And Samuel judged the sons of Israel at Mizpah.

matt 4:1,2
1 Then Jesus was led up by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil.
2 And after He had fasted forty days and forty nights, He then became hungry.
the ultimate fast. no hating on fasting if jesus did it to this level...

matt 6:16-18
16. "Whenever you fast, do not put on a gloomy face as the hypocrites do, for they neglect their appearance so that they will be noticed by men when they are fasting. Truly I say to you, they have their reward in full.
17. "But you, when you fast, anoint your head and wash your face
18. so that your fasting will not be noticed by men, but by your Father who is in secret; and your Father who sees what is done in secret will reward you.
how not to fast...how to fast.

matt 17:14-21
14 When they came to the crowd, a man came up to Jesus, falling on his knees before Him and saying, 15 “Lord, have mercy on my son, for he is a lunatic and is very ill; for he often falls into the fire and often into the water. 16 “I brought him to Your disciples, and they could not cure him.” 17 And Jesus answered and said, “You unbelieving and perverted generation, how long shall I be with you? How long shall I put up with you? Bring him here to Me.” 18 And Jesus rebuked him, and the demon came out of him, and the boy was cured at once.
19 Then the disciples came to Jesus privately and said, “Why could we not drive it out?”
20 And He said to them, “Because of the littleness of your faith; for truly I say to you, if you have faith the size of a mustard seed, you will say to this mountain, ‘Move from here to there,’ and it will move; and nothing will be impossible to you.
21 [“But this kind does not go out except by prayer and fasting.”]
closest thing to a nt command to fast...but its not there. its not in the mark version either.
but they did it...

acts 13:1-3
1. Now there were at Antioch, in the church that was there, prophets and teachers: Barnabas, and Simeon who was called Niger, and Lucius of Cyrene, and Manaen who had been brought up with Herod the tetrarch, and Saul.
2. While they were ministering to the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, "Set apart for Me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them."
3. Then, when they had fasted and prayed and laid their hands on them, they sent them away.
part of their setting aside / commissioning of paul and barnabus.
kind of the same deal in acts 14:21-23, dealing with elders.


6. discussion on prayer and fasting

knowledge:

1. ask a few people 1) how much they pray, 2) if they should pray more, 3) why god wants them to pray. see if you can get bible verses on any of those, but especially #3.
kayla
person a:
1: multiple times per day (no idea how long)
2: yes
3:
person b:
1: several times per day and nightly, talks to god more than to anyone else,
2: no
3: prayer is communication with god; talking and listening. it elevates god, gives perspective.
person c:
1: nightly or during the day
2: yes
3: god already knows everything, but it's acknowleding god and relational (no verses)
abbey
person a:
1: throughout the day based on need, before sleeping
2: probably
3: to communicate with him, remember his sovereignty, and to show thankfulness
person b:
1: before bed, and in the morning
2: unsure
3: relationship, commanded to
person c:
1: 3 to 4 times per day
2: probably
3: commanded to, modeled by jesus
person d:
1: tries to pray through the day, in response to emotion, during thursday block, and in morning
2: love to have more concentrated time to do so
3: hard question...he's glorified, shows our humility, fixes our thoughts via holy spirit.
person e:
1: all day, all the time
2: ultimate goal is to talk to god while talking to everyone else.
3: wants to know what god is up to, can't think of anything better to do.
brooke
person a:
1:
2: yes (pray without ceasing)
3: maybe
jordan
person a:
1: not sure how much. frequently but briefly. elder meetings, sunday mornings
2: yes. we should all pray more.
3: not sure. go more relational than taylor. focus on him more?
person b:
1: 12 times a day, situational. when driving, when falling asleep.
2: definitely. instead of worrying.
3: to be totally dependent, and who else can do anything.
person c:
1: daily, more preferably
2: yes
3: it allows us stay in touch with god, and it allows us to show god that we're asking (conscious effort on our part)

2. find 3 additional biblical examples of people praying for things they already know god will do in the bible.
john 17, 1 cor 16, neh 1:4-11, eph 1:15-23, col 1:9-12, in luke near jesus birth (all of 'em), rev 4:8,11, rev 5:9,10, ex 32, 1 kings 18:36,37, jonah 1:14, 1 kings 8:56-61, 1 chron 17:16-27, lamen. 5
i'm adding john 11:38-44

3. why do people fast in the bible? examples are nice.
anticipation/preparation for important/solemn time, a way of showing seriousness/sorrow/humility, repentence
esther's fast, ps. 35


analysis:

1. how frequently / specifically should you pray for things? e.g., if you are praying for your church, how much detail should you use and how often should you do it?

2. everyone says they should pray more than they do. why?

3. how much (if any) should we fast today?

reflection:

1. devise your ideal prayer schedule. and...try it out.

2. devise your ideal prayer list. and...try it out.

3.