teaching notes : 1 cor. 5:1 - 5:13
directory

english text
greek text
 
theme : church discipline
understanding
1Cr 5:1 It is actually reported that there is immorality among you, and immorality of such a kind as does not exist even among the Gentiles, that someone has his father's wife.
1Cr 5:2 You have become arrogant and have not mourned instead, so that the one who had done this deed would be removed from your midst.
1Cr 5:3 For I, on my part, though absent in body but present in spirit, have already judged him who has so committed this, as though I were present.
1Cr 5:4 In the name of our Lord Jesus, when you are assembled, and I with you in spirit, with the power of our Lord Jesus,
1Cr 5:5 {I have decided} to deliver such a one to Satan for the destruction of his flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.
1Cr 5:6 Your boasting is not good. Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump {of dough?}
1Cr 5:7 Clean out the old leaven so that you may be a new lump, just as you are {in fact} unleavened. For Christ our Passover also has been sacrificed.
1Cr 5:8 Therefore let us celebrate the feast, not with old leaven, nor with the leaven of malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.
1Cr 5:9 I wrote you in my letter not to associate with immoral people;
1Cr 5:10 I {did} not at all {mean} with the immoral people of this world, or with the covetous and swindlers, or with idolaters, for then you would have to go out of the world.
1Cr 5:11 But actually, I wrote to you not to associate with any so-called brother if he is an immoral person, or covetous, or an idolater, or a reviler, or a drunkard, or a swindler--not even to eat with such a one.
1Cr 5:12 For what have I to do with judging outsiders? Do you not judge those who are within {the church?}
1Cr 5:13 But those who are outside, God judges. REMOVE THE WICKED MAN FROM AMONG YOURSELVES.
v.1 : the sin is established as unacceptable, even to the world
"immorality...as does not exist even among the Gentiles, that someone has his father's wife"
it was sin to the jews
lev. 18:8
The nakedness of thy father's wife shalt thou not uncover: it [is] thy father's nakedness.
Deu 27:20
Cursed [be] he that lies with his father's wife; because he uncovers his father's skirt. And all the people shall say, Amen.

it was sin to the pagans
ad 161 gaius "it is illegat to marry a father's or mother's sister; neither can i marry her who has been formerly my mother-in-law or stepmother"
cicero (first century bc) expresses disgust when "mother-in-law marries son-in-law... oh, to think of the woman's sin, unbelievable, unheard of...to think that she did not quail"
both examples from thiselton's great commentary on 1 cor (new international greek testament commentary)
v.2 : the incorrect response
"You have become arrogant and have not mourned instead, so that the one who had done this deed would be removed from your midst."
what they should have done :
mourning
removal

why didn't they? people speculate that :
perhaps the man had 'wisdom' or 'status' in the worldly sense, and they didn't want to offend him?
perhaps they were reliant on his monetary support to some extent?
also - based on where this section occurs in the book, it's possible that this person is one who is against paul...
v.3-5 : paul is not a part of their tolerance
"i have already judged him"
note that judging is the required response ...
there is a lot to say about when to and when not to judge...here we can say that there are definitely times that it is required of us.
contrast this to 4:5 where paul says to no longer pass judgement before the time... what is different?
there the question is of 'things hidden in the darkness' (paul's motives); here the issue is visible sin.
there the evidence points the other way; here the case doesn't seem to be debated...
then there is the difference in sin...

"in the name of our lord jesus"
to what does this phrase apply?
a. v.3 - him who has so committed this (in the name of...)
b. v.4 - when you are assembled (in the name...)
c. v.5 - to deliver (in the name...) such a one to satan
i tend to pick the last option, as the first two can be argued as less relevant from context...
"{I have decided} to deliver such a one to Satan for the destruction of his flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus."
what is meant by the phrase?
fundamentally, no one really knows. possibilities :
1. the man will be killed a la ananias/sapphira or 1 cor 11
2. the man will be punished/tormented actively by satan/demons
3. the man will be out of the church and into the realm of satan
i view 1 as less likely as the death in one seems counter to the purpose stated for the action, and as if we view this as a carrying out of matt. 18, that doesn't seem consistent.
2 has the same problem with matt. 18 and there isn't any other biblical idea (i know of) that describes this sort of process.
3 fits nicely with matt 18; phrasing things this way highlights the benefits of church fellowship and shows the severity of the action...

parallel in 1 tim 1:20
1Ti 1:18 This command I entrust to you, Timothy, {my} son, in accordance with the prophecies previously made concerning you, that by them you fight the good fight, 1Ti 1:19 keeping faith and a good conscience, which some have rejected and suffered shipwreck in regard to their faith. 1Ti 1:20 Among these are Hymenaeus and Alexander, whom I have handed over to Satan, so that they will be taught not to blaspheme.

note : satan as one who carries out god's purpose...
there isn't a lot in the bible about satan, but one of the things that does come up is that satan fulfills god's purpose. a few examples include this passage, 1 ti 1:20, and 2 cor. 12:7 (thorn the flesh and the messenger of satan).

v.6-8 : leaven as a parallel to sin
exodus 12 - the story of the passover
command was to remove all of the leaven...TODO
great picture; the effect of yeast on dough..."a little leaven leavens the whole lump"
v.9-13 - clarifying "do not associate with immoral people"
in a previous letter, paul stated that they shouldn't associate with immoral people...
(note that although they have questions about the world, the immoral person within the church is still present)
paul clarifies that this should not have been taken to mean 'immoral people of the world'
example of christ...
consider who christ spent time with...
luke 5:30-32
Luk 5:30 The Pharisees and their scribes {began} grumbling at His disciples, saying, "Why do you eat and drink with the tax collectors and sinners?" Luk 5:31 And Jesus answered and said to them, "{It is} not those who are well who need a physician, but those who are sick. Luk 5:32 "I have not come to call the righteous but sinners to repentance."
that being said, it's not as though christ hung out with 'immoral people' for no reason. he spent time with them for the purpose of their salvation. also - i would argue that he pretty clearly spent time with those who were interested in reform; the above quote is from matthew's dinner...
note on hermeneutics :
using scripture to interpret scripture...
if we had this letter, reading it on its own we might worry about the same issue.
however, the weight of scripture makes paul's point very clear.

application : dealing with sin
church discipline
"{I have decided} to deliver such a one to Satan for the destruction of his flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus."
what?
church disciple
where?
the church
who?
everyone - the job falls on everyone (and esp. the elders)
when?
1. serious sin (huh? what sin's qualify?)
2. repeatedly unrepentant sinner
why?
church : purity
holiness is critical.
that may not always make sense, but the bible is rather clear about it...

individual : restoration
again, holiness is critical.
how?
1. confrontation
2. group confrontation
3. before the elders
4. explusion
attitudes to carry : mourning and forgiveness
mourning
paul declares that their attitude toward the sin should be one of mourning (5:2).
that is the reaction of one who has interest, concern, and attachment
much better than schodenfreude or a smug superiority, both of which sound obviously bad but which are nonetheless frequently evidenced.
forgiveness
matthew 18 cont... TODO

'do not associate with immoral people"
sin by people outside the church is not the affair of the church
"do not associate with immoral people" referred to those within the church.
1 cor 5:9,10
I wrote you in my letter not to associate with immoral people; I {did} not at all {mean} with the immoral people of this world...for then you would have to go out of the world.
ethics of government?
does this impact the legislation of christian morality?