teaching notes : 1 cor. 1:4 - 1:9
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greek text
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1 cor. 1:4-9
i thank my god always concerning you for the grace of god which was given you in christ jesus, that in everything you were enriched in him, in all speech and all knowledge, even as the testimony concerning christ was confirmed in you, so that you are not lacking in any gift, awaiting eagerly the revelation of our lord jesus christ, who will also confirm you to the end, blameless in the day of our lord jesus christ. god is faithful, through whom you were called into fellowship with his son, jesus christ our lord.

major themes
what christ has done for us

past :
enriched in him
testimony confirmed in you

present :
not lacking in any gift
eagerly awaiting the revelation of christ

future :
will confirm (blameless) to the end


overview
this is the second portion of the introduction ; the next verse jumps into the first issue (factionalism).
paul is establishing the corinthians identity; everything in the book that comes after this comes against this backdrop of their position/place in christ.
please note paul's frequent use of 'christ jesus' (and variants). in the first 9 verses, it is used 9 times. in a discussion on our identity (what we are), what we will be most concerned with is christ (what he has done). according to chrysostom, "nowhere in any other epistle does the name of christ occur so continuously in a few verses" (quoted from anthony thiselton's 'the first epistle to the corinthians').

what christ has done (the past)
1 cor. 1:4-6 i thank my god always concerning you for the grace of god which was given you in christ jesus, that in everything you were enriched in him, in all speech and all knowledge, even as the testimony concerning christ was confirmed in you,
the grace of god was given you in christ jesus
what is grace? simple answer : grace is getting something you don't deserve grace differs from mercy in that mercy is not getting something you deserve and grace is getting something you don't deserve. the bible often uses the term grace to encapsulate the mercy and grace of god as shown at salvation because our salvation involves so much more than just mercy.
the grace of god is most clearly demonstrated in the substitution of christ's suffering for our own and the resulting gifts of being made "the children of God. and if children, then heirs; heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ" (rom 8:16,17).
this is something that has already happened; this is the gift of salvation (though, as mentioned,it goes far beyond salvation).

1 cor. 1:5 that in everything you were enriched in him , in all speech and all knowledge
speech and knowledge two things that the corinthians seem to consider important, and also two things that the paul addresses as 'trouble spots'; speech comes up right away (1cor 1:17 and as a theme of the first 4 chapters), and knowledge is addressed in 8:1 (and in that chapter). speech would relate to the cultural patterns of sophism, and knowledge would tie to the greek gnosticism that many/most believe afflicted corinth.
paul's emphasis of these two points, combined with the past tense (aorist) that he uses (this has already happened), make it likely that this statement is a comparison between what the corinthians had (sophism and gnosticism) and what they do have (true salvation and the wisdom of god).
this sort of comparison helps us to understand the 'grace of god'; moving from man's 'qualities' to the virtues of god. consider the difference in the terms 'wealthy', 'happy/joyful', 'love', 'useful' with and without christ; pursuing these ideas as a non-christian is a very different affair than as one 'in christ'.

1 cor. 1:6 even as the testimony concerning christ was confirmed in you,
testimony concerning christ this refers (almost certainly) to the sanctification and transformation which accompanies salvation. sanctification is not a result for some christians; it is the result for all christians. consider verse 2 :
to those who have been sanctified in Christ Jesus, saints by calling,

also relevant is 1 john 1:6,7, where john focuses on fellowship as a measure of sanctification (but also declares that we will 'walk in the light') :
1jo 1:6 if we say that we have fellowship with him and {yet} walk in the darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth; 1jo 1:7 but if we walk in the light as he himself is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of jesus his son cleanses us from all sin.

paul is not directly attempting to answer the question "how may i know that i am saved"; he assumes that we know this. the testimony of christ that is confirmed in us is our transformed, sanctified lives.
the rest of the book provides interesting balance to this; the christians at corinth aren't perfect, but they are being sanctified, and there are changes that confirm christ.
on a more technical note, we may ask to what is the testimony? is it to the power of christ or to the salvation of the corinthian church? i would argue that the testimony is to the power and reality of christ as within the corinthian church; the focus is never off of christ in this section, but i think we are speaking of the effect of christ upon the church at corinth here.

our reaction : thankfulness
paul is thankful for the corinthians because of god's grace to the corinthians. thankfulness to god should be a constant mindset
this is somewhat of a normal introduction for paul; consider the following :
rom 1:8 first, I thank my god through jesus christ for you all, because your faith is being proclaimed throughout the whole world.
phl 1:3 i thank my god in all my remembrance of you,
col 1:3 we give thanks to god, the father of our lord jesus christ, praying always for you,
1th 1:2 we give thanks to god always for all of you, making mention {of you} in our prayers;
2th 1:3 we ought always to give thanks to god for you, brethren, as is {only} fitting, because your faith is greatly enlarged, and the love of each one of you toward one another grows {ever} greater;
2ti 1:3 i thank god, whom i serve with a clear conscience the way my forefathers did, as i constantly remember you in my prayers night and day,
phm 1:4 I thank my God always, making mention of you in my prayers,

it is clearly typical for paul to feel thankfulness to god for the work of god in creating the church. this is a nice example of how our desires should be aligned with god's desires;

what keeps us from being thankful? reasons i have trouble being thankful :
i allow myself to care more about "the cares of this world"
mark 4:18 "and others are the ones on whom seed was sown among the thorns; these are the ones who have heard the word,  4:19 but the worries of the world, and the deceitfulness of riches, and the desires for other things enter in and choke the word, and it becomes unfruitful."

a subtle supplanting of the correct priorities; our spiritual obligation and hope lose out to temporal worries and desires.
honestly, i think it's safe to say that most christians will not struggle with an open decision between the deceitfulness of riches and christ; however, how many of us sympathize with martha based on personal experience in luke 10?
Luk 10:38 Now as they were traveling along, He entered a village; and a woman named Martha welcomed Him into her home. Luk 10:39 She had a sister called Mary, who was seated at the Lord's feet, listening to His word. Luk 10:40 But Martha was distracted with all her preparations; and she came up {to Him} and said, "Lord, do You not care that my sister has left me to do all the serving alone? Then tell her to help me." Luk 10:41 But the Lord answered and said to her, "Martha, Martha, you are worried and bothered about so many things; Luk 10:42 but {only} one thing is necessary, for Mary has chosen the good part, which shall not be taken away from her."

we forget what christ has done for us.
nothing fancy or direct; we just don't think about it.



the effects of christ's work ( the present )
1 cor. 1:7 so that you are not lacking in any gift, awaiting eagerly the revelation of our lord jesus christ,
not lacking in any gift
god's provision is complete
what is meant by gift?
a) spiritual gifts, as in chapter 12 (tongues, teaching, etc)
b) salvation, as in romans 5:15 (the free gift of god is eternal life)
there is debate on the topic; some say one, some the other. i would lean towards a broad view on the term, interpreting 'gift' to include salvation and the gifts discussed in the book.
either way, the point is that we are not lacking.

gift is a passive concept
this furthers the theme already presented with the concepts of 'called' and 'sanctified'; we merely receive the gifts god gives us. there can be no pride in something that is received as a gift.
compare this to the concept of strength and pride that he rebukes in 4:7 :
for who regards you as superior? what do you have that you did not receive? and if you did receive it, why do you boast as if you had not received it?


awaiting eagerly the revelation of our lord jesus christ
jesus on the heavenly focus vs earthly focus (luke 12:33-38) :
sell your possessions and give to charity; make yourselves money belts which do not wear out, an unfailing treasure in heaven, where no thief comes near nor moth destroys. for where your treasure is, there your heart will be also. be dressed in readiness, and {keep} your lamps lit. be like men who are waiting for their master when he returns from the wedding feast, so that they may immediately open {the door} to him when he comes and knocks. blessed are those slaves whom the master will find on the alert when he comes; truly I say to you, that he will gird himself {to serve,} and have them recline {at the table,} and will come up and wait on them. whether he comes in the second watch, or even in the third, and finds {them} so, blessed are those {slaves.}

paul's example in phil. 3:8-14 :
brethren, I do not regard myself as having laid hold of {it} yet; but one thing {I do:} forgetting what {lies} behind and reaching forward to what {lies} ahead, i press on toward the goal for the prize of the upward call of god in christ jesus.

this is the status of all christians; our fulfillment is awaited. we are to live expectently, with our hearts/minds 'pressing on toward the goal'.

our reaction present : confidence (a lack of worry, an understanding of our responsibility)
our confidence should not be in ourselves
note the passive nature of receiving a gift, and how well that correlates with the concept of 'called'. these benefits are not of ourselves, and we must be careful to be sure that our pride is in the one who gives (christ) not the one who receives (ourselves).

our confidence should be in the coming revelation of christ (expectation)
"for where your treasure is, there will your heart be"

what christ will do (the future)
1 cor. 1:8-9 who will also confirm you to the end, blameless in the day of our lord jesus christ. god is faithful, through whom you were called into fellowship with his son, jesus christ our lord.
he will confirm you to the end,
christ's direct work/action with us carries through to the end.
our expectation (we 'eagerly await') is not empty.

he will make you blameless in the day of our lord
blameless
one of my greatest fears is being responsible for an error that i can't undo; the phrase 'my god, what have i done' gives me a physical reaction of fear. the idea of being 'blameless' is, in many ways, the essence of peaceful.
in the day of our lord
the day of judgement, when each person is weighed before the judge (god/christ). paul assures us that we will be found blameless in that judgement - a wonderful thought.

god is faithful, through whom you were called into fellowship with his son, jesus christ our lord
god is faithful
our hope/expectation isn't misplaced; god will finish what he has set out to do.
(note the use of the word faithful; god does what he says)
god has already started this work (fellowship with his son)
god 'called' us; he has already started this work
fellowship with his son
an amazing concept. consider the difference between the enmity and fellowship... consider the use of the terms 'sons' and 'fellow heirs' in romans 8:14-17-
for all who are being led by the spirit of god, these are sons of god. for you have not received a spirit of slavery leading to fear again, but you have received a spirit of adoption as sons by which we cry out, "Abba! Father!" the spirit himself testifies with our spirit that we are children of God, and if children, heirs also, heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, if indeed we suffer with {Him} so that we may also be glorified with {Him.}

our reaction : hope
- our hope is in god